Pneumatic motor.



N0. 692,l94. v Patented lab. 28-, I902.

C. L'. DAVIS. V PNEUMNTIC MOTOR.

(Application filed Dec, 17, 1900.)

(N9 Model.)

CHARLES L-DAWE .131 66 4 QM I A u E25 n: NORRIS Perms an, mmo umo" vkmmamn, n, I:

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UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. DAVIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNCR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, OF ONE-HALF TO AUGUST HEUER, JR.

CHARLES A. BROWN, GEORGE L. CRAGG, AND A. MILLER BELFIELD,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

.siencrnicn'rron formingpart of Letters Patent No. 692,194, dated January 28, 1902. Application filed December 17, 1900. Serial No. 40,141. (No model.)

T0 (1. whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES L. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Motors, (Case No. 6,) of which the following is a full, clear, eoncise,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. v

My invention relates to motors adapted for operation by pneumatic pressure and in particular toa variety thereof adapted for operation by a suction or exhaust wind-current.

The principal object of the invention is to providea simple, practical,and efficient motor of the kind specified.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a rear elevation of a portion of a pneumatic motor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same with the valve mechanism shown in vertical section. V

In the motor which I have shown in the drawings there are three collapsible bellows A A A, which'are arranged in alinement with one another with their collapsible ends uppermost. The rear walls a a a of the bellows A A A are made rigid or stationary, being desirably secured rigidly to the frame B.

In the rear of the three bellows A A A is a horizontally-disposed rotary shaft 1, which is the driving-shaft of the motor. This shaft 1 is provided with three crank portions 2 2 2, and these crank portions 2 2 2 carry links 3 3 3, which are connected with the rear movable walls a' a a of the bellows A A A. The crank portions 2 2 2 of the shaft 1 are desirably set one hundred and twenty degrees It will be seen that by this arrangement the bellows A A A when they collapse will in turn act upon the driving-shaft 1 through the medium of the crank portions 2 2 2 thereof and the links 3 3 3, and this action of the bellows will occur at each third of a revolution of the driving-shaft 1, so that there will be a continuous propulsion of that shaft and at the same time there will be no dead-center.

The number of bellows A A is not particularly material to my invention, it being merely desirable to have a plurality thereof, preferably three, so as to have a substantially continuous action and also to avoid a deadcenter.

Each of the bellows A A A is provided with valve mechanism by which the air can be alternately admitted to and exhausted from its interior. One of these valve mechanisms is Well shown in section in Fig. 2. Referring to this figure, an exhaust-passage 4 is under stood to lead to and communicate with an exhaust-chest leading to any suitable or desired form of wind -inducing apparatus, by which a condition of exhaust is continually maintained in the exhaust-passage 4. This exhaust-passage 4 has a port 5, and this port 5 opens into a connecting-passage 6, which serves to connect the exhaust-passage 4 with a passage 7, communicating with the interior of the bellows A. The passage 6 is provided with an-air-port 8, which communicates with the outside air. The exhaust-port 5 is controlled by a valve 9, conveniently in the form of a flat slide-valve, which works upon a suitable valve seat 10. Theair port 8 is controlled by a valve 11, also conveniently in the form of a simple flat slide-valve, which works upon a seat 12, conveniently provided by the outside of the wall 13 of the valve-chest. The valves 9 and 11 are connected with one another so as to movein unison-as, for example, by a projection 14, secured to the valve 11 and engaging a projection 15 of the valve 9-the arrangement being such that the valve 9 will completely close the port 5 at a time when the valve 11 begins to open the air-port 8 and will begin to open the port 5 at a time when the valve 11 completely closes the airport 8. The valve 11 is connected with the rotary driving-shaft 1 by aliuk 16 and a crank portion 17 on the rotary shaft, it being understood, of course, that the valves 11 11 for the other bellows are also connected with the rotary shaft 1 by similar links 16 and crank portions 17 17. The cranks 17 17 17 are on the same side of the rotary driving-shaft 1 as the crank-shafts 2 2 2 for the links 3 3-3 of their respective bellows A A A and are at the same bellows, the bellows and valve-cranks for each of the three bellows being thus set together and at one hundred and twenty degrees from the cranks of the other bellows. The valve 11 is so connected with the rotary shaft 1 that the valve is in the position shown in the drawingsthat is to say, at the point where it either opens or closes theair-port 8 when its crank is midway between the opposite ends of its throw, as shown in the drawings. In this way the maximum extent of movement of the valves 9 and 12 is secured for a given extent of rotation on the part of their cranks at a time when the air-ports of these valves are being opened and closed. As a matter of preferred arrangement the air-ports 8 8 8 are made very wide, as shown by reference to Fig. 1.

The connection 14 by which the valves 9 and 11 are connected with one another is attached to a flat strip 18, which is secured to the outer face of the valve 11 by screws 19 19. The strip 18 is'provided with slots 20 20, as shown in Fig. 1, which permit its adjustment relatively to the valve 11. In this way the valve 9 can be properly adjustedrelatively to the valve 11.

The operation of the device,'of course, is that when the wind-inducing apparatus is operated so as to cause a suction or exhaust condition in the passages 4 4 4 of the three bellows A A A'the bellows A which at the time is in communication with its passage 4 will collapse, thereby causing a rotation of the driving-shaft 1. This will start the motor, and having thus become started the rotation of the driving-shaft 1 will operate the other valve mechanisms properly, so that each in turn will open its bellows A first to the exhaust and then to the air, with the result that the three bellows will successively act upon the driving-shaft 1 and thereby cause a con tinual and even rotation thereof. By so connecting the valve mechanism of each bellows with its operating-crank of the driving-shaft the creation of the exhaust condition in each pneumatic or bellows and the subsequent admission of air thereto occur in the most rapid possible manner. This elfect, so far as the air is concerned, is augmented by the great width on the part of the air-port 8. As a result of this arrangement the action of each bellows is exceedingly quick and powerful, so that the action of the motor as a whole is very effective and economical.

- What I claim as my invention is 1. In a pneumatic motor, the combination with a bellows, of a passage communicating therewith, an exhaust-passage, a passage connectin g the bellows-passage and exhaust-passage and communicating with the latter by way of a port formed at the end thereof, the said connecting-passage having an air-port, and valve mechanism controlling the port of the exhaust-passage and the air-port of the con necting-passage,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a collapsible bellows, of a passage communicating therewith, an exhaust-passage, a passage connecting the bellows-passage with the exhaust-passage and communicating with the latter by way of a port formed at the end thereof, the said connecting-passage having an air-port, a valve controlling the exhaust-port, a second valve controlling the air-port,a connection between said valves whereby the exhaust-valve opens the exhaust-port at atime when the air-valve closes the air-port and vice versa, and mechanism for operating one of said valves by the collapse of the bellows, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with the bellows, of valve mechanism for controlling the admission of air to the bellows and the exhaust of the same therefrom, and a crank for operating said valve mechanism, the said crank being connected with the valve mechanism so as to begin the admission and exhaust of air at a time when the crank is midway between the ends of its throw.

4. The combination with the bellows, of a rotary driving-shaft having bellows and valve- 7 crank, portions arranged on the same side of the shaft and at the same angle therewith, a link connected with the movable member of the bellows and also connected with the crank therefor on said shaft, a passage leading to the interior of the bellows and having air and exhaust ports, a pair of valves, one controlling the exhaust-port and one controlling the air-port, the said valves being connected together so as to move in unison and being arranged so that the exhaust-valve opens the exhaust-port when the air-valve closes the air-port and vice versa, and a link connected with said valves and with the crank therefor on the rotary shaft, the connection being such that the valves open and close their respective ports at a time when the crank therefor is substantially midway between the ends of' its throw, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with thebellows and a rotary driving-shaft having a bellows and valve-cranks, of a link extending between the movable member of the bellows and the crank therefor on said shaft, a passage communicating with the interior of the bellows and having air and exhaust ports, a pair of slide-valves adapted to control the air and exhaust ports of said bellows-passage, said valves being connected together so as to move in unison, and being arranged so that the exhaust-valve closes the exhaust-port at a time when the air-valve opens the air-port and vice versa, and a link extending between one of said valves and the crank therefor on said shaft, substantially as described.

IIO

. with an air-port 8, a slide-valve 9 arranged to travel upon a seat 10 for controlling the port 5, an air-valve 11 controlling the airport 8, a connection 14 attached to the airvalve 11 and engaging the exhaust-valve 9, a rotary shaft connected for operation with the bellows, the said shaft havinga crank 17 and a link 16 extending between the crank 17 and the air-valve 11, substantially as described. I

7. In a pneumatic apparatus, a structure providing passages 4 and 7and a connectingpassage 6, the latter having a port 8 and communicating with the passage 4 by way of the port 5, a valve 9 adapted to control the port 5, a valve 11 arranged tocontrol the port 8, and means for connecting the valves 9 and 11, substantially as described.

8. A motor comprising a plurality of bellows, a rotary shaft having bellows-cranks corresponding to the bellows, the said cranks being arranged at different angles to the shaft, and the shaft also having valve-cranks which are arranged at the same angles with the shaft as the bellows-cranks, links connecting the movable members of the bellows with said bellows-cranks, Valve-chests, one for each bellows, each valve-chest having a passage communicating with the interior of the bellows and provided with air and exhaust ports,

valve mechanism for controlling said ports, and connections between the valve mechanisms and the respective cranks, said connections being each adapted to cause the valves to open and close their respective ports at a time when the cranks therefor are midway between the ends of their throws, substantially as described.

9. A motor comprising aplurality of bellows, a rotary shaft having cranks corresponding to the bellows, the said cranks being arranged at different angles to the shaft and the shaft also having cranks for valves arranged at the same angles with the shaft as their respective bellows-cranks, links connecting the movable members of the bellows with the cranks therefor, valve-chests, one for each bellows, each valve-chest having a passage communicating with the interior of the bellows and provided with air and exhaust ports, valve mechanism for controlling said ports, each of said valve mechanisms comprising a slide-valve 9 for the exhaustport, a slide-valve 11 for the air-port, and a connection 14 between said valves and links between the valves 11 and their respective cranks, substantially as described.

10. The combination with the slide-valves 9 and 11, of a strip 18 having a sliding connection with the valve 11, and a piece 14 secured to the strip 18 and engaging the valve 9, substantially as described.

11. In a pneumatic motor, the combination with a bellows, of a single passage communi= eating therewith and having air and exhaust ports and a valve mechanism for simultane ously controlling both of said ports, as set forth. I

12. In a pneumatic motor, the combination with a bellows,of a passage communicating therewith and having both air and exhaust ports, a double-valve mechanism comprising a couple of valves for simultaneously controlling both of said ports, and means for actuating said double-valve mechanism, as set forth.

13. In a pneumatic motor, the combination with a bellows, of a passage communicating therewith and having both air and exhaust ports, a double-valve mechanism comprising a couple of valves for controlling said ports, and

CHARLES L. DAVIS.

lVitnesses:

A. MILLER BELFIELD, HARVEY L. HANSON. 

